Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey Essay Example

Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey Essay Young Adult Literature (YAL) is a genre targeted at adolescents. It reflects on issues that adolescents may experience in everyday life through scenarios, themes and language features portrayed by an adolescent protagonist. It connects with the audience through personal issues and feelings told from a viewpoint of a young adult. The novel ‘Jasper Jones’ written by Craig Silvey is a successful representation of YAL as it inflicts powerful messages of prejudice and reveal how other teens deal with the unfortunate realities of life. In YAL there are many issues that are faced in the context of a young adult this is A main issue that the characters in ‘Jasper Jones’ face is prejudice, which is an issue in everyday life from, religions, sexuality and racism. Prejudice is when humans tend to pre-judge with limited knowledge, mainly because they are different to us. Prejudice comes from the fear/ignorance of someone being better than them of different to them. This issue is placed all throughout the book, mainly with a name against Jasper Jones but also the racial prejudice attacks on Jeffery Lu’s family. It is shown when told by the protagonist of the novel that the town labels Jasper Jones as â€Å"a thief, a liar, a thug, and a truant a ferrel and an orphan an example of poor attitude.† This is a technique called cumulative listing suggesting he is corrupt in a variety of ways. Prejudice is described when it tells the audience jasper has grown up in a town where â€Å"they stick to wh at they know†. Jeffery Lu is left to face with the harsh attacks on both his parents being harmed because of their race and the war taking place at the time the novel is set in. This reflects on the conventions of YAL as the characters must face and deal with the hardship of prejudice and to be hopeful. We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The context and purpose behind the author Craig Silvey was influenced by his attraction to the southern gothic fiction and from where he grew up.

English Settlers essays

English Settlers essays America was the melting pot of nations. It brought every type of person who wished for a new life to its shores and gave them opportunities, which would not have been available in their homelands. Many came poor or with money but not enough education to read and write with extreme accuracy. In the early New England colonies, education was actually available for everyone who wished to entertain the notion of it. Children could go to school where actual teachers would teach them. Older generations wouldnt have to be worried about their offspring having the same insecurities, which they now had due to their inability of furthering their minds. England provinces were not usually able to give education to their masses because they were so large, making the schools available in America seem amazing in their existence. Though it seemed like a huge perk for many, some religions disliked the wishes for the young to learn. They only wanted their religion, no others to be discussed and openly contemplated. Some of the more restrained and conservative religions thought of free knowledge to be poisonous to their brains and faith. Often prejudice and doubt stops true realization of what people want. Despite some peoples goals to remain separated from those different than them, education flourished and the fruits of knowledge bloomed extensively across the newly made colonies. With great diversity in beliefs it became easier for people to become accepting of one another, though it would take years and centuries for real prejudice to be gone from normal living. However, I personally believe this was the very beginning of the initial civil rights movement. It brought different types of people together and they were able to stand each other. True, they were all white, but it was civil rights in acceptance for the time period. ...

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Project Management - Essay Example Besides allotting the tasks unvaryingly among the project team members the project manager has to monitor the progress of the project on a regular basis. The remaining activities have to be scheduled depending on the current progress of the project. Such a thorough supervision will enable the project manager to ensure that the project is finished well before deadline albeit leaving the team with enough time to test the project outcome rigorously (Kerzner, 2013). It is the duty of the project manager to create a robust interconnectivity between the project team members so that information can be channelized effectively between project team members. Effective communication of information will allow the project manager to learn about the issues that arise in between the different assignment levels within the project subsequent to which they can be addressed appropriately. The project manager will also have to have foresightedness about the probable risk exposures of the project. In that way the individual will be able to make sure that proper contingency plans are at place in order to shield the project from such risks (Kelly, et al., 2013). The fundamental trait of a transformational leader is that the individual goes beyond managing just the everyday operations and makes every effort to formulate strategies that are aimed towards taking the organization, functional department and the team members to the furthest level of performance and success. Leaders following this leadership style emphasize a lot on team building, collaboration, motivation and coordination between employees at several levels of the workflow within the organization (Wang, et al., 2011). This enables transformational leaders to bring the best out of their subordinates thereby enabling them to enhance their productivity and efficiency. By doing so they are able to

Company Law methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Company Law methods - Essay Example A company will also be governed by its own Memorandum and Articles of Association. Now we'll have brief discussion about these two concepts which are considered to be the life of a company. This is the most important document in the company as it set out the constitution of a company and it is the foundation on which the structure of the company is based. In other words it may say that the identity of the company is based on this. It prescribes the name of the company, its registered office, objects and capital. It also defines the extent of its powers concerning to the matters relating to its function or otherwise. The memorandum is in fact a charter of the company. A company can exercise only such powers which are either expressly stated in the memorandum or as may be implied there from including matters incidental to the powers so conferred. A company must act within and not outside the scope of its memorandum. Any transaction which is outside the ambit of the powers of the company shall be ultra virus and void. The articles of association of a company are the internal regulations which govern the management of the internal affairs of the company. As it meant for internal affairs, the members have full control and may by resolution alter them as they think fit so long as they do not exceed the limits defined by the memorandum. In other words Articles of Association form the basis of a covenant /contract that regulates the company's internal procedure and set out the rights of the shareholders as conferred by their ownership. Contractual effect of Memorandum and Articles of Association Memorandum and Articles of the company when registered, have binding forces as they bind the company and its members to the same extent as if they have been signed by the company and its each member. In other words, the memorandum and Articles of the company when registered, bind the members to the company and the company to its members, but onin the capacity of members of the company and not in any other capacity such as directors etc. This clause is incorporated in Sec.14 (1) of the3 Company Law 1985. i.e. Sec.14 (1) of the Company law 1985 says that "Subject to the provisions of this Act, the memorandum and articles, when registered, bind the company and its members to the same extent as if they respectively had been signed and sealed by each member, and contained covenants on the part of each member to observe all the provisions of

Security Monitoring Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Security Monitoring - Research Paper Example The greatest business threat to business infrastructure may not be in the form of an attack but may well be from an internal attack. In order to have a good security system they have to have a durable and large storage infrastructure. Multiple devices are used to reduce redundantly across the various facilities. Most organization uses PUT AND CUT operations in order to guarantee durability. Applications found in internal I.T include payroll, inventory, Human resource and general ledger, while other ecommerce applications are internet sales and marketing application. Storage infrastructures are vastly sturdy, and most organizations use Amazon S3. Sturdiness objects sustained via quick mending and detection of any redundancy which has been lost. For example, Amazon web services uses Amazon S3 to provide both levels, with evasions which only allows authorized access by the bucket control list. Access control list together with the bucket a control delete and gives permission to penetrat e in certain levels. Thus, the client sustains full control in regards to who have the capability to access their data, enabling them to carry out vital actions the minute a risk is identified. ... This certification gives the declaration that AWS has set up enough controls, which operate efficiently. This helps to authenticate the obligation to provide a world class cloud computing which is secure to both internal and ecommerce I.T applications. However the platforms allow the set up solutions which meet certain requirements for particular organizations. Data has to be transferred; most organizations store their data in an elastic Block store in various physical locations as part of services with no extra charge. Organization use simple database to prevent unauthorized access. The domain level controls which are provided by a simple database APIs which only allow an access which has been authorized by the domain creator. In order to have access to the database the data has to be controlled by the client (Martin p 246). All subscribe have full access of the system once she/he is authenticated a self-regulating access control listing which maps the domain to their respective to user controls. Encrypting data before sending it is another method used by the organization to safeguard data which is sensitive. In order, to save data from internal applications and other ecommerce applications, I would suggest that internal applications should operate in different databases to ensure that they do not share the same database. This will safeguard internal data against the third party, using firewalls would assist in preventing penetrates and hackers form organizations database. The rationale behind security in Internal and external applications is to have all the data secured and also ensure that clients who purchase goods online conduct secured transactions. In conclusion, web services are created to achieve set designs, which entails

Life Cycle Assessment Of Laptops And Printed Notes Engineering Essay

Life Cycle Assessment Of Laptops And Printed Notes Engineering Essay For the last few years, the society had started to use electronic devices for reading instead of using printed paper especially for university students. However, the paper is still used for printing and other usage. Paper is one of the main causes of global warming as trees will be cut down and processed into wood as wood is the main ingredient of producing paper. Without trees, there will be less photosynthesis phenomena occurring to reduce carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is produced by human activities such as breathing, power generation, combustion etc. To reduce the cutting of trees, several electronic devices have been introduced to replace the paper used for several purposes. 1.2 Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a method used to analyze the impacts caused by products and services to the environment surrounding. It is used to study the life cycle from the extraction of raw materials, processing, transport, use, reuse, recycling or disposal of the products and services. There are four stages in LCA which includes goal identification, life cycle inventory, impact analysis and improvement analysis. LCA is used to identify and analyze the input and output of materials, energy and waste emissions in solid, liquid and gaseous state in order to make the improvement from the environmental impacts determined. (Life cycle assessment n.d) 2. Goal and scope definition 2.1 Goal of this study The goal of this study is to compare the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the service between reading printed lecture notes and reading lecture notes on the laptop. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of printed and computer document as learning materials for an undergraduate engineering student of Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus is conducted. The LCA of this study is done by the undergraduate Civil Engineering students of Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus. The results of this study is based on the two reports titled Scanning Life Cycle Assessment of Printed and E-paper Documents based on the iRex Digital Reader by Sebastiaan Deetman and Ingrid Odegard in March 2009 and Life Cycle Assessment of a Laptop Computer and its Contribution to Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Anh Hoang, Wei li Tseng, Shekar Viswanathan and Howard Evans. The study will compare the environment impacts of the printed paper and laptop. 2.2 Scope of this study Scope of this study consists of function and functional units. Function of the product will be analyzed and functional units will be included in this study is used to make comparison of the services and the LCA of the laptop. 2.2.1 Function Laptop can be useful in reading lecture notes and making notes in a document files. These are the functions that will be analyzed. However, laptop can also be used to read online newspaper, journals, magazine and for doing assignments. These functions will not be included in this study but they can definitely help in reducing the environment impacts. The use of Microsoft Office software in laptop enables students to make own notes and read lecture notes for e-paper and printed documents. This function has made the comparison between computer documents and printed paper viable. In this report, it is assumed that the time taken for a student to download lecture notes from the BlackBoard System used by Swinburne University of Technology into the computer is the same. Therefore, it can be excluded from this study because initially, both alternatives need to use this function. Besides, the wireless connection in Swinburne University should be neglected as both printed notes and e-notes require the wireless connection to download the lecture notes from the BlackBoard System. 2.2.2 Product System a. Manufacturing The manufacturing and assembly of components for the laptop including packaging result in releasing greenhouse gases. b. Distribution To distribute the laptop to retails, transportation of the laptop is included in this study. The greenhouse gases also will be released through the transports used. c. Use The usage of the laptop will be four years equivalent to the four years course. The total usage of laptop including lecture, tutorial and self-study per unit for one week is included in this study. So, the laptop usage for one year can be calculated. d. End of life End of life in this study is about recycling a laptop that can no longer be used or function anymore. The laptop will be recycled under the US recycling requirements. 2.2.3 Functional Unit The functional unit of LCA is to study the service of the paper used for printing notes for a student which is four years as the engineering courses for Swinburne University of Technology takes four years to complete. However, the laptop is assumed to replace all the printed notes in this study throughout the four years course. The assumptions of the laptop and printed paper that need to be taken into the consideration in this study are as shown as below. Assumptions: 1. The life span of the laptop and printer are four years as engineering courses take four years. 2. Plug is used for laptop for all the time instead of using battery. 3. Laser printer is used for printing. 4. Wooden uncoated paper is used for printing. 5. The printed paper is in greyscale. 2.2.4 Impact Categories In this study, the laptop usage and the printed paper are compared to analyze the data of greenhouse gas emission for both alternatives which contributes to Global Warming Potential (GWP). 3. Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) In this report, the data collected are the manufacturing, distribution, use and end-of-life of a standard laptop. The CO2-e emission of each stage are also calculated and included in the report. 3.1 Inventory of Laptop Computer 3.1.1 Manufacturing It includes the manufacturing and assembly of components as well as manufacturing and assembly of laptop which comes with packaging. On the whole, the greenhouse gas emission is approximately 160 kg CO2-e which is obtained from the graph on a report entitled Carbon Footprint of a Typical Business Laptop from Dell which is written by Markus Stutz (2010). 3.1.2 Distribution Transportation of laptop by all means to assembly locations and distributed to local retails, including transportation to customers themselves. For this report, the greenhouse gas emission of distribution of laptop is approximately 50 kg CO2-e (Stutz 2010) following the US region. However, the transportation may vary with region. So the emissions will vary as well but not much difference. 3.1.3 Use The life span of the laptop is estimated to be four years which is assumed to be used for the whole four years course of engineering students of Swinburne University Sarawak. One laptop is used by one student only. It is assumed that for one week, the total usage (hours) of laptop is 28 hours inclusive of 3 hours lecture, 2 hours tutorial and 2 hours of self-study per unit. There are four units altogether so 7 hours multiply by 4 equals to 28 hours. Assuming two semesters which consists of 32 weeks (inclusive of exam weeks) are equivalent to one year, the total hours is 896 hours. Hence, for four years, the total hour is 3584 hours. To calculate the power consumption and greenhouse gas emission, the mode taken into consideration is Active mode. Based on the report written by the students of National University entitled Life Cycle Assessment of a Laptop Computer and its Contribution to Greenhouse Gas Emissions, the electricity used for average Active mode is 0.032 kWh. The power consu mption is tabulated in the table below. Electricity Used (kWh) Hours for 4 Years Power consumed (kWh) Active (Average) 0.032 3584 114.69 Based on the report too, the formula is converted to kWh. Hence, the greenhouse gas emission for usage is equal to 45.88 kg CO2-e. 3.1.4 End-of-life Once the laptop can no longer be used or it is unable to function anymore, the laptop will be sent for recycling. Sometimes laptops can be reformatted but it will not perform as well as before. Hence, according to Stutz 2010, it is assumed that 75 percent of the laptop will be recycled under the US recycling requirements. So, the greenhouse gas emission of -30 kg CO2-e is obtained. Stages Kg CO2-e released Manufacturing 160 Distribution 50 Use 45.88 End of life -30 Total 225.88 Table 1: The CO2e emission for laptop 3.2 Print Alternative Other alternative is that, the lecture notes, tutorial sheet and solutions can be printed out for study. The significant part which manipulates the GWP value is the type of paper used for printing. In this inventory, woodfree uncoated paper will be used to print out the lecture notes as well as tutorial questions. The GWP of manufacturing, distribution, use, end-of-life stage was taken from the LCA done by the ecoinvent for the inventory of the print alternative. 3.2.1 The use of printer A laser printer is used to print all the lecture notes and tutorial exercises. According to the report of LCA done by the student of University of Technology in Delft, they are using the process description of Ecoinvent database, which includes the life-time of printer, energy use during 3 different operational modes(active, stand-by and off), the print speed and average paper consumption. These numbers were all converted to an average inventory for an hour of printer use, as summarized in Table 4 below [Lehmann, 2007]. Process/part description Amount (per hour of printer use) Unit Ecoinvent name Electricity use 0.0402 kWh Electricity, low voltage, production UCTE Printing paper 0.214 kg Paper, woodfree, uncoated, at regional storage [RER] Laser Printer Scenario 1: Scenario 2: piece piece Printer laserjet, b/w, at plant [GLO] Toner 0.0644 kg Toner, black, used for printing [RER] Transport 0.0215 tkm Transport, freight, rail[RER] Table 1: The usage of printer and papers per hour In table 4, the usage of printer, paper and toner was converted to per hour usage. This is because Ecoinvent database recorded the lifetime of a printer is about four years. However, the usage of the laserjet printer will not be operating twenty four hours per day for four years. Therefore, the inventory is converted to per hour determination. 3.2.2 Paper Uncoated woodfree paper is the type of paper that we used most for printing. The dataset of the production and distribution of the type of paper is based on the Ecoinvent database. And according to the database, the uncoated woodfree paper contains at least 90% of fibres in the form of chemical pulp. Calculation: The estimation of paper used in 4 years. The approximate number of paper used for 1 chapter=15 sheets There total chapters for 1 subject= 8 chapters Subjects in 1 semester= 4 Semesters in 1 year=2 There are approximately 960 sheets of paper used in one year. And one student will consumed approximately 3840 sheets of paper in four years time. Paper disposal There are three types of paper disposal flows are defined in Ecoinvent, they are: Â · [G139] disposal, paper, 11.2% water, to municipal incineration [CH] Â · [G449] disposal, paper, 11.2% water, to sanitary landfill [CH] Â · [G1984] paper, recycling, with deinking, at plant [RER] The first two processes, however, differ from the third. The disposal processes have economic outflow the service of the disposal of 1 kg of the paper, as what is expected. A physical mass of recycled paper is the output for the recycling flow. According to Ecoinvent, there isnt recycling paper service and recycling gives out recycled paper as output. This means that the printer not only provide service of printing, but also produce recycled paper. Part of the total process to the recycled paper and part of the total process to the use of printer were allocated. This means that the environmental impacts of recycling the paper as waste are taken into account. 4.0 Impact Assessment This stage is to assess the impacts will affect on human health and the environment associated with energy and raw material inputs and environmental releases quantified by the inventory. We have done the impact assessment for the category of global warming potential (GWP). From the result, we do a comparison of CO2-equivalent between the laptop and printed paper. 4.1 Break-even Point: GWP Break-even point is when the GWP of both alternatives is the same occur. This can determine which alternative is more sustainable to the environment. When the GWP of both alternatives meets at this point, their emission is equal. After that, based on different situation, which ever goes higher is considered as not sustainable. GWP (kg CO2 equivalents) Print Alternative Scenario 1 Printing 3840 pages for four years Printing with woodfree uncoated paper 13.53 Laptop 225.88 Table: GWP values (in CO2-eq) of printed notes and laptop usage. From the table above, the relationship between the print alternative and laptop computer between two scenarios was assumed. After that, it can generate the graph as seen in figure below. Figure: From the figure, the impact assigned to the laptop computer remains constant as it is used daily for reading and studying. The graph shows the GWP of print alternative is much lower than the laptop computer. The break-even point is too far that it is probably about 70000 prints for four years. 5.0 Improvement Analysis Based on the research done, the usage of e-paper (laptops) still releases quite a high amount of CO2e which leads to Global Warming Potential. Hence, a few improvements to reduce emissions should be done. Improvements that could be done are as follows: Optimization of electricity usage when manufacturing laptops Minimize the number of transportation of laptops by distributing as many laptops as possible delivery process Turn off laptop when it is not used (i.e when taking a break from studying lecture notes) Purchasing laptops which has Energy Star label. Energy Star is a program by US government which helps to protect environment using superior energy efficiency. (Energy Star n.d.) Public awareness give talks on managing electricity and power usage In order to reduce the effect of global warming potential for paper, improvement can be done in the ways of: Conserving paper by printing on the both sides of the paper. Select to print what is really needed. Print only a few pages that are needed instead of the whole book. Recycle the used paper and use sustainable paper too. Return the empty printing cartridges to the supplier for recycling. 6.0 Conclusion From the life cycle assessment, we have compared the carbon dioxide equivalent of a laptop and paper for four years. It is shown that the CO2-e of a laptop is higher than paper. In other words, print alternative is a better choice to reduce the environmental impacts. It is more environmental friendly to study the lecture slides by printing paper instead of using laptop as paper emits less CO2e. The results above can only be applied to study lecture notes, not for office use and others.

College Admissions Essay: My Days as a Gardener :: College Admissions Essays

My Days as a Gardener    'Mom, how do you make a garden?'    'You plant seeds. You can buy them at the nursery.'    'Can I plant a garden?'    Now this is the kind of question a mother wants to hear from her children. Not 'Can I play on the interstate?' or 'If I eat this will I die?' Something, instead, wholesome and good. An activity that not only teaches, but puts fresh produce on her table.    It was decided, then, that planting a garden would be my summer project. My mother and I planned for it to be located behind our garage, in a sunny area of our otherwise shady backyard. With my mom's help, I planted an assortment of vegetables: tomatoes, onions, potatoes ('A potato is a tuber.' 'It's a what?'), and green beans.    I later understood that gardening is generally associated with a life of leisure, with relaxation. For me, it was a competition. I'd ask my seedlings, 'Who's growing the fastest?' 'Who's the tallest?' Fearing bad karma, I tried to stay impartial, lest a subconscious preference for green beans would cause me to water them more often, while dumping bleach on the onions. Every night I'd give my parents an update on rates of growth, any signs of produce, and my never-realized irrigation plans.    One day my mother told me that some of the tomatoes were ready to be picked. We went out back, snagged a few of the plumper offerings, and that evening had salads.    Every other bite earned an accolade. 'Mmm. These tomatoes really are delicious.' 'There's just nothing like fresh tomatoes. Mmm.' 'I think we can quit saving for his college; he's a natural migrant worker.' Whatever that meant, it sounded promising. I told my family that they needn't worry: the garden was in full-swing, and that meant more fresh produce was on the way.       About a week later a tornado razed a better part of North Houston. It brought rain. It brought hail. It upended cars; it flooded houses. And in its trail it left fallen branches and trees, and removed, in whole, one tiny tomato-onion-potato-and-green-bean garden located behind my garage.